WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en 00:00:18.810 --> 00:00:25.680 In this lecture, we will discuss the urban village and another’s construction. 00:00:25.680 --> 00:00:32.210 It is origin how it develops and what are the implications and the situations and what 00:00:32.210 --> 00:00:37.650 kind of interventions we can take as a part of the housing strategy. 00:00:37.650 --> 00:00:42.980 So for this two topics we will discuss one by one today. 00:00:42.980 --> 00:00:46.790 So first we start with the urban village. 00:00:46.790 --> 00:01:03.640 I hope that we can recall from our lecture in the beginning when we introduced all the 00:01:03.640 --> 00:01:08.780 categories and typologies of the housing that time we mention that what is urban village, 00:01:08.780 --> 00:01:10.030 how it develops. 00:01:10.030 --> 00:01:15.550 So in continuation of that we can tell that urban village is one of the typology which 00:01:15.550 --> 00:01:26.110 comes under the organic development that means it develops 00:01:26.110 --> 00:01:40.869 on it is own without any planning interventions and eventually it takes, it becomes sometimes 00:01:40.869 --> 00:01:43.549 in formal settlements also. 00:01:43.549 --> 00:01:50.590 So let us quickly view or discuss quickly again that how urban field develops it will 00:01:50.590 --> 00:01:54.590 be part in and before going into the strategic part of it. 00:01:54.590 --> 00:02:06.719 So we told that when a city grows from one size to another size that is the city present 00:02:06.719 --> 00:02:24.069 and in future, and presently around the city there are few village settlement and which 00:02:24.069 --> 00:02:27.670 is common for every city and every region. 00:02:27.670 --> 00:02:36.940 This village settlements are connected with sort of rural and district road like this, 00:02:36.940 --> 00:02:41.650 like this, like this so these are the village settlement. 00:02:41.650 --> 00:02:49.629 But think about the future settlement when from the present it will grow to the future 00:02:49.629 --> 00:02:56.950 like this is 2016, and maybe this is 2036, after 20 years it will be a bigger city and 00:02:56.950 --> 00:03:03.189 that time it will surround the developed, it will develop around the village. 00:03:03.189 --> 00:03:18.799 So the changes in the village this village will be surrounded by the urbanization. 00:03:18.799 --> 00:03:25.130 And it will have a peculiar situation of a rural settlement which is transforming to 00:03:25.130 --> 00:03:29.569 a urban having typical infra structural problem. 00:03:29.569 --> 00:03:35.469 So practically, this is the reason why the urban villages are developed. 00:03:35.469 --> 00:03:51.469 So the consequences or implications of urban village 00:03:51.469 --> 00:03:56.969 that is also very important to see at the movement so when the city grows towards a 00:03:56.969 --> 00:04:01.430 periphery and it is surrounds the existing village. 00:04:01.430 --> 00:04:08.150 And the existing village becomes a part of the city but with a ruler setting and because 00:04:08.150 --> 00:04:15.400 it a part of urban area after some time so slowly it transforms from primary sector to 00:04:15.400 --> 00:04:21.140 the secondary and tertiary sector from agricultural community to the industry based and commercial 00:04:21.140 --> 00:04:27.530 activity based community so that is the transformation another very important transformation which 00:04:27.530 --> 00:04:32.090 is observed during this period is the land value, 00:04:32.090 --> 00:04:41.060 For example if I take a sectional view like this the current land value structure will 00:04:41.060 --> 00:04:54.180 be something like this because it will be maximum at the city center 00:04:54.180 --> 00:05:01.650 at the city center and it will go gradually go down decrease the land value at the city 00:05:01.650 --> 00:05:08.190 periphery it will be minimum but think about 2o years later when the run value will be 00:05:08.190 --> 00:05:21.500 even much more like that like the pattern will be the same but it is value will be increased 00:05:21.500 --> 00:05:29.220 every point of every at every distance so if one village is her let us discussed or 00:05:29.220 --> 00:05:31.710 taken case for particular village. 00:05:31.710 --> 00:05:37.570 So this village here it is land value is very normal here resonantly but after some time 00:05:37.570 --> 00:05:43.960 because of the growth of the city the hole land value curve take a different path and 00:05:43.960 --> 00:05:49.970 it take it takes a higher land value but due to it is infrastructural condition due to 00:05:49.970 --> 00:05:58.479 rural character due to is lack of infrastructure due to rural characters in terms of roads 00:05:58.479 --> 00:06:07.979 community water supply everything so there will be a change of land value may be locally 00:06:07.979 --> 00:06:11.690 the land value could be little less than this surrounding land value. 00:06:11.690 --> 00:06:15.770 So surrounding land value will be very high because it is hole connected with the city 00:06:15.770 --> 00:06:21.410 but within this urban village even if it is high very high land value but comparatively 00:06:21.410 --> 00:06:27.190 it will be lower than the surrounding land value so as a result the people they get little 00:06:27.190 --> 00:06:35.660 lower land value than the average the surrounding area so a result of that they purchase land 00:06:35.660 --> 00:06:38.930 they make their house inside the urban village. 00:06:38.930 --> 00:06:46.319 So as consequence of that the these are the factor which you observe number one we see 00:06:46.319 --> 00:07:08.840 high density development due to land value dynamics okay 00:07:08.840 --> 00:07:19.069 that is the major trend second is we see since it is basically ruler area but it says as 00:07:19.069 --> 00:07:25.570 high density development very high growth in terms of very high growth in terms of building 00:07:25.570 --> 00:07:32.070 construction in terms of concentration of the business entity small business enmity 00:07:32.070 --> 00:07:33.440 like say shops. 00:07:33.440 --> 00:07:44.410 And commercial complexes so it phases a congestion why congestion because if you we blow up this 00:07:44.410 --> 00:07:53.111 area if you see this area then in this area you will find that the village which was a 00:07:53.111 --> 00:08:08.460 village earlier with a very narrow road right with a very narrow road with some of the rural 00:08:08.460 --> 00:08:15.430 houses but certainly because of the land value dynamics you will find that lot of big houses 00:08:15.430 --> 00:08:23.020 big house have come up okay. 00:08:23.020 --> 00:08:29.180 But roads are not that much wide roads are narrow like you will find that may be within 00:08:29.180 --> 00:08:36.340 10 feet or 12 feet you will find that G+ 5 G+6 or even multistoried apartments have come 00:08:36.340 --> 00:08:43.450 up and motel street apartments have come up only because the land value is locally comparative 00:08:43.450 --> 00:08:49.810 comities land value and because of that people where getting little more affordable houses 00:08:49.810 --> 00:08:55.790 then the surrounding area which is inside the city or may be the other areas so that 00:08:55.790 --> 00:09:01.040 is why the bigger houses are coming and since the bigger house is bigger housing complexes 00:09:01.040 --> 00:09:08.640 are coming the more denser developing more density and more density means it is the concentration 00:09:08.640 --> 00:09:15.140 and pressure on the road and the infrastructure but the roads of infrastructures are not adequate 00:09:15.140 --> 00:09:27.450 because being a rural area and even if after sometime if this is the urban boundary. 00:09:27.450 --> 00:09:37.910 And maybe you revise the urban boundary from this to this so you revise the boundary but 00:09:37.910 --> 00:09:46.980 you see that even if you revise the boundary you do not you see that it is already been 00:09:46.980 --> 00:09:54.640 developed already been congested so because of that you find the congestion in terms of 00:09:54.640 --> 00:10:07.050 stress in road and connectivity then there are stresses in terms of basic 00:10:07.050 --> 00:10:19.190 infrastructure like water supplying then solid waste management. 00:10:19.190 --> 00:10:29.240 Then the sanitation all the basics that means unifying very fantastic’s buildings within 00:10:29.240 --> 00:10:36.240 the site because they are rich people they have developed the buildings so one site within 00:10:36.240 --> 00:10:48.451 the site you will find that high density building very compact buildings but off site you will 00:10:48.451 --> 00:10:55.860 find that it is the stress Indian infrastructure that is the very important consequences of 00:10:55.860 --> 00:10:59.560 the urban village, now what kind of interventions we can do. 00:10:59.560 --> 00:11:05.670 Now if we lead them grow like this ultimately it will become a disaster situation for any 00:11:05.670 --> 00:11:14.089 disaster situation like earthquake or flood or any disaster the lot of causality lot of 00:11:14.089 --> 00:11:20.450 losses will be there because it is congested minimum spaces are not there for the connectivity 00:11:20.450 --> 00:11:29.180 and growth no scope for evacuation any medical emergencies there so for that reason the intervention 00:11:29.180 --> 00:11:31.930 are basically strategic interventions. 00:11:31.930 --> 00:11:40.550 You cannot dismantle every building every site and re-develop the whole site so the 00:11:40.550 --> 00:11:47.630 strategies will be. 00:11:47.630 --> 00:12:04.639 The first strategy we have to take as a planning intervention in the development control, so 00:12:04.639 --> 00:12:19.199 this development control is possible if it brought under a planning area so for this 00:12:19.199 --> 00:12:36.339 two mechanism can be adopted one is either you delimit the boundary of the city delimit 00:12:36.339 --> 00:12:43.839 the boundary of the city like this so this becomes a revise boundary once it becomes 00:12:43.839 --> 00:12:49.670 the included under the revised boundary of the city so city municipal corporation will 00:12:49.670 --> 00:12:53.870 take a planning action in terms of development controls building boilers. 00:12:53.870 --> 00:13:06.639 Or you can bring it under some separate planning area under some different planning area under 00:13:06.639 --> 00:13:16.100 town and country planning at least recall our discussion about the town and country 00:13:16.100 --> 00:13:21.260 planning at we told that town and country planning at is a mother act to provide the 00:13:21.260 --> 00:13:26.560 planning intervention in every cities, so this two possibilities are there so under 00:13:26.560 --> 00:13:31.490 this any one of this two you can make some basic development control. 00:13:31.490 --> 00:13:38.399 And through the development control you can specify the some of the parameter of the development 00:13:38.399 --> 00:13:51.970 FIR height ground coverage and also few prescription related to the vulnerability of the building 00:13:51.970 --> 00:14:03.970 like say seismic safety and all these, so basic some basic parameters has to be there 00:14:03.970 --> 00:14:09.750 essentially which is not negotiable and which has to be in fourth so develop and control 00:14:09.750 --> 00:14:23.160 is not sufficient you have to enforce development and control, okay and if required 00:14:23.160 --> 00:14:29.180 in some of the cases you might have to go for even diminish of the some of the part 00:14:29.180 --> 00:14:35.310 because some of the part will be unauthorized they have not taken the permission so that 00:14:35.310 --> 00:14:42.130 is possible if you enforce develop and control with the city administration and district 00:14:42.130 --> 00:14:43.130 administration. 00:14:43.130 --> 00:15:08.490 And also facilitate infrastructure argumentation like if you do not facilitate the infrastructure 00:15:08.490 --> 00:15:14.600 the whole area will be lacking the infrastructure so what you can do that when the bigger chance 00:15:14.600 --> 00:15:19.880 of the lands are purchased by the developer and the development permissions are sort out 00:15:19.880 --> 00:15:26.950 so that time you can ensure this infrastructure through the develop and control you can tell 00:15:26.950 --> 00:15:33.199 them or you can institutionalize that within of certain limit or within the certain limit 00:15:33.199 --> 00:15:39.019 range of the land area these are the elements of the infrastructure and the developer has 00:15:39.019 --> 00:15:40.580 to provide mandatorily. 00:15:40.580 --> 00:15:48.079 So this type of possibilities you have to explore, so but definitely it is not possible 00:15:48.079 --> 00:15:53.301 to improve all the infrastructure with is already developed so for all those areas you 00:15:53.301 --> 00:15:58.319 have to try your level best so that you can within the available space you can remove 00:15:58.319 --> 00:16:03.759 all the encroachments we can widen the existing roads and connectivity, so that is possible 00:16:03.759 --> 00:16:18.870 through development control for new areas and develop and control and ensure as a public 00:16:18.870 --> 00:16:30.610 authority you can develop the develop or widen existing road as far as possible. 00:16:30.610 --> 00:16:37.850 You cannot have a wide a road of say 10 feet to a 60 feet road but definitely if you negotiate 00:16:37.850 --> 00:16:44.589 with then if you work with the 10 feet could be 20 feet road so that at least two car can 00:16:44.589 --> 00:16:46.720 pass for the emergency purpose. 00:16:46.720 --> 00:16:53.259 Other than that if you find that any area which is not that much congested it partially 00:16:53.259 --> 00:17:01.889 congested may be one part because of the city vicinity it has we can congested but other 00:17:01.889 --> 00:17:08.050 part is not that much congested so for this type of area which is not congested and you 00:17:08.050 --> 00:17:12.880 can do some amount of planning interventions in a better way in a new areas of planning 00:17:12.880 --> 00:17:13.880 you can make. 00:17:13.880 --> 00:17:32.430 So those areas you can explore some land readjustment exercise I told about the land readjustment 00:17:32.430 --> 00:17:45.440 exercise through this exercise what we do we realign the roads in a geometrical fashion 00:17:45.440 --> 00:17:53.190 and make the plots like that so those kind of exercise could be possible land readjustment 00:17:53.190 --> 00:17:59.390 exercise could be possible if there is already not much congestion and some of the buildings 00:17:59.390 --> 00:18:04.580 at there you can negotiate you can take a whole stick look of the area and you can apply 00:18:04.580 --> 00:18:05.580 this tool. 00:18:05.580 --> 00:18:12.480 So through this kind of methodology one can be very much kind of a control mechanism which 00:18:12.480 --> 00:18:18.270 needs to be enforced by your machinery administrative machinery. 00:18:18.270 --> 00:18:24.550 You can facilitate infrastructure in the new areas and the existing areas and also we can 00:18:24.550 --> 00:18:26.690 explore land the readjustment. 00:18:26.690 --> 00:18:36.370 Now let us another very important factor is that if the if you find that there are chance 00:18:36.370 --> 00:18:45.140 of the urban village which is making a congested chunks or like kind of a concentration of 00:18:45.140 --> 00:18:50.790 many clusters of the urban village so how you can integrate that urban village with 00:18:50.790 --> 00:18:56.330 the existing city that becomes also very important so for this city when you make the future 00:18:56.330 --> 00:19:02.540 housing strategy for say 2020, 26 so that you integrate them. 00:19:02.540 --> 00:19:22.360 So integrate with city housing strategy that means even if you do the land 00:19:22.360 --> 00:19:27.260 adjustment if you do develop and controls enforcement facilitate inferstrect whatever 00:19:27.260 --> 00:19:33.500 you do you integrate them with the land readjustment with the city housing strategy because city 00:19:33.500 --> 00:19:39.310 housing strategy is the mother document and within that document you integrate and include 00:19:39.310 --> 00:19:45.300 every all every possible interventions you are taking for all typologies of the housing. 00:19:45.300 --> 00:19:52.510 So that you have to incorporate in this housing strategy, now let us discuss the unauthorized 00:19:52.510 --> 00:20:00.100 construction because that is also very important typology though it comes completely as informal 00:20:00.100 --> 00:20:07.270 settlement but it is little different then the urban village but is has similarities 00:20:07.270 --> 00:20:14.920 in some of the elements that we will discuss that how unauthorized constructions are important 00:20:14.920 --> 00:20:18.570 to take a planning intervention in a city. 00:20:18.570 --> 00:20:27.460 Now we discuss the conditions of the villages which is surrounded in all parts its surrounding 00:20:27.460 --> 00:20:34.590 a city and city grows and it end curves its surround the village and the village we comes 00:20:34.590 --> 00:20:40.580 urban area, so we discussed about that now you have seen any situations where within 00:20:40.580 --> 00:20:52.010 their city because of high land value and you own that high land value depends on 00:20:52.010 --> 00:21:03.300 the high connectivity better connectivity so because of the better connectivity 00:21:03.300 --> 00:21:23.520 some of the plots housing plots some of the plots they gets unauthorized constructions 00:21:23.520 --> 00:21:26.830 because of the high land value and better connectivity. 00:21:26.830 --> 00:21:32.200 Now this unauthorized contraction are not necessarily slum areas or not necessarily 00:21:32.200 --> 00:21:37.300 the urban village sin some of the areas as you will find that may be the whole areas 00:21:37.300 --> 00:21:41.700 aid developed by the public authority or the planning authority and may be the plot is 00:21:41.700 --> 00:21:46.460 given by the plot authority or may be plot is owned by somebody, so there is a proper 00:21:46.460 --> 00:21:59.690 land ownership so possibly that land ownership is there but because the land value is high 00:21:59.690 --> 00:22:05.140 and there is a better connectivity so there is a high demand of the affordable house. 00:22:05.140 --> 00:22:13.490 So because of that because of the high demand and when there is a high demand there is a 00:22:13.490 --> 00:22:19.860 possibility for more profit by selling out the houses or by renting out her houses, we 00:22:19.860 --> 00:22:26.120 talked about the rental housing scheme so if rental housing scheme in this type of cases 00:22:26.120 --> 00:22:32.200 the people rent out the additional areas which they do not required for additional income 00:22:32.200 --> 00:22:35.920 or for extra remuneration. 00:22:35.920 --> 00:22:48.060 So if I take an example that if this is a plot of say 200 square meter so if FAR is 00:22:48.060 --> 00:22:59.950 allowed here say for FSI which is allowed say 1.5 so if FSI 1.5 is allowed therefore 00:22:59.950 --> 00:23:12.600 the built up area becomes total built up area becomes 300sqaurr meter now this 300 square 00:23:12.600 --> 00:23:24.370 meter could be developed like in three store it possible or may be two store it okay I 00:23:24.370 --> 00:23:28.370 am not going in to details that what is the set back what is this thing I am taking a 00:23:28.370 --> 00:23:31.100 some example that how it becomes. 00:23:31.100 --> 00:23:37.170 Now because it is a high demand and high land value and with for the better connectivity 00:23:37.170 --> 00:23:49.200 the people always go for another one floor or two floor so this is this becomes FAR or 00:23:49.200 --> 00:23:56.760 FSI 1.5 and they consume another 0.5 to 1 or even 1. 00:23:56.760 --> 00:24:03.740 5 FSI, so this part which they are building over level of the building part which is allowed 00:24:03.740 --> 00:24:09.170 as for the rule it becomes the unauthorized construction. 00:24:09.170 --> 00:24:15.020 Now often this construction is taken without any permission from the authority. 00:24:15.020 --> 00:24:21.840 So whereas the, the cases of urban village we discussed the urban village basically is 00:24:21.840 --> 00:24:27.150 not fully unauthorized there are basically rural settlement they have the land ownership 00:24:27.150 --> 00:24:33.380 most of the cases the buildings are authorized but even, but due to lack of the planning 00:24:33.380 --> 00:24:36.990 authority it takes the permission from the punjaith authority. 00:24:36.990 --> 00:24:43.130 But here it is what we see there it is a desperate attempt by the people to construct illegally 00:24:43.130 --> 00:24:45.130 get more profit. 00:24:45.130 --> 00:24:54.640 So for this type of cases our approach will be little different so similarly like urban 00:24:54.640 --> 00:25:10.130 village some consequences are similar for example major consequence related to, 00:25:10.130 --> 00:25:32.039 So what are the consequences is that sudden land value rise and leading to congestion 00:25:32.039 --> 00:25:40.220 leading to congestion but due to this congestion you find that stress, stress in construction. 00:25:40.220 --> 00:25:50.050 Infrastructure now here you have the room correctivty but 00:25:50.050 --> 00:25:55.630 straight of this infrastructure means you have the traces in you water supply, sanitation 00:25:55.630 --> 00:25:57.030 for it is everywhere. 00:25:57.030 --> 00:26:02.680 So these implications are similar with your urban village. 00:26:02.680 --> 00:26:09.840 So what kind of interventions are required so basic interventions we have to take here 00:26:09.840 --> 00:26:22.500 is control and enforcement mostly enforcement. 00:26:22.500 --> 00:26:30.090 Now the difference is in urban village mostly you do not have any development control the 00:26:30.090 --> 00:26:34.980 development controls existing there, because basically rural development control but the 00:26:34.980 --> 00:26:38.180 land has already controlled to urban area. 00:26:38.180 --> 00:26:44.600 So it needs a new development control that is possible as I discussed either you limit 00:26:44.600 --> 00:26:49.480 the boundary or bring that with some planning authority. 00:26:49.480 --> 00:26:56.740 But here it is within the city another construction could be inside the city anyplace. 00:26:56.740 --> 00:27:04.480 So you do not need to allow to limit the boundary be4cause it is the city limit so you have 00:27:04.480 --> 00:27:08.140 some control mechanism some development control mechanism. 00:27:08.140 --> 00:27:16.800 But we just which is not complied so development control mechanism is their but it is not applied 00:27:16.800 --> 00:27:25.880 what you can do is enforce the development control by giving regular. 00:27:25.880 --> 00:27:40.830 Vigilance an notification for align them or imposing them or doing that statuary permission. 00:27:40.830 --> 00:27:49.290 Now for this satistory permission there are approaches like you can regularize some of 00:27:49.290 --> 00:27:52.760 the construction grown from limit. 00:27:52.760 --> 00:28:04.320 For example the permit is for 1.5 the government can take a policy up to 2.0 there could be 00:28:04.320 --> 00:28:13.920 a regularization with some extra premium or penalty regularize or on payment or penalty 00:28:13.920 --> 00:28:26.210 or, or you can divinity demolish if it is below the regularization limit. 00:28:26.210 --> 00:28:34.520 For example you are regulating say fsi 2, so if somebody constructs beyond 22 2.5 2.3 00:28:34.520 --> 00:28:40.790 definitely it has to come at a cost either at demolish or you take more penalty to subsequently 00:28:40.790 --> 00:28:42.760 to build the infrastructure. 00:28:42.760 --> 00:28:50.130 But in our country like India the enforcement becomes a very challenging because always 00:28:50.130 --> 00:28:52.730 the politically willingness is not there. 00:28:52.730 --> 00:28:59.210 So here in this situation what we need for interventions in the unauthorized construction 00:28:59.210 --> 00:29:10.470 is the basically we need political wiliness. 00:29:10.470 --> 00:29:17.560 As a planner you allows take type of caption and you can placed to the decision maker to 00:29:17.560 --> 00:29:23.220 take appropriate action and advocate also only giving the proposal may not help you 00:29:23.220 --> 00:29:29.110 but definitely you have to advocate at various levels ,so that the appropriate interventions 00:29:29.110 --> 00:29:35.550 are taken at every state and also in some cases on payment bases if they regularize 00:29:35.550 --> 00:29:41.240 if the government regularize the area and take some penalty and return they can definitely 00:29:41.240 --> 00:29:47.000 occupied some of the infrastructure also ornament infrastructure. 00:29:47.000 --> 00:29:58.780 Please take a note that if you do not action, takes action for authorized on construction 00:29:58.780 --> 00:30:04.320 the amount of unauthorized construction will grow,grow,and grow it will increase only so 00:30:04.320 --> 00:30:10.600 it is important to take it precedence who can exempelorary actions for all authorized 00:30:10.600 --> 00:30:14.620 construction in every city I am not talking about any particular city or any particular 00:30:14.620 --> 00:30:19.940 contest it is applicable for every city, every country so as much as possible we have to 00:30:19.940 --> 00:30:25.100 try to minimize or minimize decrease the effect of the authorized construction. 00:30:25.100 --> 00:30:30.320 So toady we have discussed two every important element in the housing strategy which is buy 00:30:30.320 --> 00:30:37.950 and large informal in nature the first element we discussed about the urban village you know 00:30:37.950 --> 00:30:43.080 it is developed form a rural setting when the cities surrounds the village and it's 00:30:43.080 --> 00:30:48.200 trumps from the rural sector the agriculture economy to the, service economy and after 00:30:48.200 --> 00:30:53.620 that it becomes a part of the city so we can do two types of interventions. 00:30:53.620 --> 00:30:58.700 We can the limit the city boundary we can bring the urban village within the city boundary 00:30:58.700 --> 00:31:05.240 or we can create another planning boundary within town and country planning act, number 00:31:05.240 --> 00:31:11.650 also we can institutionalize the development control enforce the development control we 00:31:11.650 --> 00:31:16.970 can or bin the infrastructure we can integrate that infrastructure and development control 00:31:16.970 --> 00:31:22.990 in the overall city housing stagey for urban village the second part what you discussed 00:31:22.990 --> 00:31:28.790 is authorized contraction contrary to the urban village authorized construction are 00:31:28.790 --> 00:31:36.150 always kind desperate or desperate at to pulped the rules. 00:31:36.150 --> 00:31:40.760 And the development controls and that comes within the city unlike the urban village it 00:31:40.760 --> 00:31:46.370 is within the city code areas also authorized constructional available and can be visible 00:31:46.370 --> 00:31:52.530 for authorized contraction your should be enforcement we got development controls and 00:31:52.530 --> 00:31:59.530 their but it is not compiled and after the enforcement after the regular philigians and 00:31:59.530 --> 00:32:03.200 the notification you have to regularize it with the penalty or additional 00:32:03.200 --> 00:32:09.830 penalty beyond some limit and in some case you can obtain the infrastructure and also 00:32:09.830 --> 00:32:12.710 you can demolish some of the structure. 00:32:12.710 --> 00:32:20.100 Which is beyond the even the regularization extent and which is also creating lot of problem 00:32:20.100 --> 00:32:24.920 in terms of infrastructure condition because we have talked about for both the case the 00:32:24.920 --> 00:32:31.260 case is infrastructure is one of the major consequences for this two types of development. 00:32:31.260 --> 00:32:37.100 So we can take the for both the cases the right kind of the action in the political 00:32:37.100 --> 00:32:38.100 willingness is there. 00:32:38.100 --> 00:32:43.280 But as a planner definitely you will have a role to take the action short term action 00:32:43.280 --> 00:32:47.700 and long term action, so we close this discussion here. 00:32:47.700 --> 00:32:52.490 The next discussion, we will discuss about the permanent fillers and night shelters. 00:32:52.490 --> 00:32:57.480 These are also very important part of the housing strategy though in kind of informal 00:32:57.480 --> 00:32:58.480 settlement. 00:32:58.480 --> 00:32:59.480 So thank you for attending this lecture.